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基督徒的上帝

分享人: 楊爸
分享日期: 2020/04/24
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God identifies himself as the covenant god. Who has sovereignty initiated a relationship with his people.
上帝是立約的神。祂主權地與祂的人民建立了關係。

One of the most significant events in the life of the Lords people in redemptive history is the exodus. However, as important as the exodus is, it is even more important for us to see that in Exodus 3, God reveals the majestic magnificence of His character. It is a magnificence that contains two glorious truths, inextricably linked, without which the Christian God cannot be understood or worshiped. As important as the salvation of Israel from Egypt is, it cannot properly be understood unless it is framed within the revelation of Gods twofold character as expressed by Gods own declaration and as displayed in the burning bush.
在救贖曆史上,主百姓生活中最重要的事件之一就是出埃及。然而,與出埃及一樣重要,對於我們而言,更重要的是要看到在出埃及記第3章中,上帝彰顯了祂莊嚴可畏的性品格。這莊嚴可貴,包含兩個不可分割的榮耀真理,沒有它們,基督徒就無法理解或敬拜上帝。與以色列出埃及的救贖一樣重要,除非明白上帝這兩個性格的啟示,就不能正確理解上帝,上帝的性格是在燃燒的灌木叢與上帝自己的宣言所表達的。

As God comes to Moses, He announces Himself as "the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob" (Ex. 3:6). Here God identifies Himself as the covenant God, the One who has sovereignty initiated a relationship with His people. The first thing that God wants Moses to recognize is that He is a God who is with His people (v. 12), who will deliver them from Egypt (v. 8), and who has redeemed them for the purpose of worshiping Him alone (v. 12). God is accomplishing His covenant promise to Israel through Moses.
當上帝面對摩西時,祂宣布自己為「我是你父親的神,是亞伯拉罕的神,以撒的神,雅各的神。」(出3:6)。在這裡,上帝將自己確定為立約的上帝,即擁有主權與祂的子民建立了關係的那一位神。上帝希望摩西認識神的第一件事是,祂是與祂的子民同在的神(第12節),祂將把他們從埃及拯救出來(第8節),並且贖回了他們以便單單崇拜祂(第12節)。上帝正透過摩西完成與以色列立約的應許。

Moses recognizes the sheer weight of this call from God. So he hesitates. He looks for a way out. He first points to his own insufficiency ("Who am I?"; v. 11), and God points Moses back to His all-sufficiency (“But l will be with you"; v. 12).
摩西認識到上帝呼召的嚴重性。所以他猶豫了。他在尋找推託藉口。他首先指出自己的能力不足(「我是誰?」;第11節),而上帝則引導摩西專注倚靠上帝的大能(「但我必與你同在」;第12節)。

But then Moses asks something that might, at first glance, seem strange. He wants to know Gods name. The reason he asks for Gods name is because, as we see in the Old Testament, the name of someone often designates the character of the person. Moses is asking God for a revelation of His character so that Israel may know that the One who has called Moses is sufficient. He is able to achieve the deliverance promised.
但是,隨後摩西提出了一些乍看起來似乎很奇怪的問題。他想知道上帝的名字。他要求知道上帝的名字的原因,正如我們在舊約中所看到的那樣,某人的名字經常代表該人的性格。摩西索求上帝品格的啟示,以便以色列會眾能完全倚靠呼召摩西的那一位。祂有能力實現所承諾的應許。

The name that God gives to Moses … “I am who I am"… is a revelation of Gods utter and complete self-sufficiency. It is a revelation of Gods aseity(形而上學)自我存在. He alone is of Himself (a se). God, and only God, is dependent on nothing. And this means, for Moses for Israel, that God is not dependent on Pharaoh’s cooperation to accomplish what He has promised.
上帝給摩西的名字…我是自有永有的」…上帝啟示祂是完全自給自足的,是上帝對人自我存在的啟示。祂完全靠祂自己(一個人)。上帝,也只有上帝,什麼都不必依靠,這意味著,對摩西來說,對以色列來說,上帝並不依靠法老的合作來實現祂的應許。

This name of God…"I Am"…is the root form of the name Yahweh. John Calvin rightly says that this name is given to us in the Old Testament "that our minds may be filled with admiration as often as his incomprehensible essence is mentioned." That "incomprehensible essence," given in the name Yahweh, is mentioned more than five thousand times in the Old Testament.
上帝的這個名字…「我是」…是耶和華名字的字根。約翰•加爾文(John Calvin)正確地說,這個名字在舊約聖經中給了我們,「只要提起祂無限的本質,我們的心就會被讚美所充滿」。在舊約中,無限本質的「耶和華」被提及了五千多次。

In Exodus 3, therefore, God identifies Himself in two ways. He tells Moses that He is the covenant God, who is with His people, and that He is the self-existing God, who needs nothing in order to be who He is and to do what He purposes to do.
因此,在出埃及記第3章中,上帝以兩種方式表明自己。祂告訴摩西,祂是與祂子民立約、與祂子民同在的神,祂是自我存在的神,祂不需任何倚靠,祂必成就萬事。

This brings us to the burning bush. The Purpose of that miracle was not simply that Moses might be amazed; it was to display Gods own twofold character that He had announced to Moses. The burning bush illustrates what theologians call Gods transcendence and immanence. The revelation of the burning bush was a revelation that the "I Am" is and always will be utterly independent and self-sufficient. He is fully and completely God even as He promises and plans to "come down" (Ex. 3:8) to be with His people and to redeem them. The burning bush points us to that climactic revelation of the One who is fully and completely the self-exsting God, who comes down to redeem a people, and who is Immanuel (God with us). It points us to Jesus Christ Himself (Matt. 1:23; 28:20).
這把我們帶到了燃燒中的灌木叢,這個奇蹟的目的不僅僅是讓摩西驚奇, 這是為了展示上帝向摩西宣告上帝自有永有的性格。
燃燒的灌木叢說明了神學家所說的神的永存與永在。
燃燒的灌木叢的啟示表明,「我是」是永遠完全自主和自給自足。即使祂承諾並計劃「下來」(出3:8)與祂的子民同在並贖回他們,祂還是完完全全的上帝。
燃燒的灌木叢最高潮的啟示是將我們指向那位完完全全又是自我存在的神,祂下來救贖了祂的百姓,並且是以馬內利(與我們同在)的神。它使我們指向耶穌基督自己(太1:23; 28:20)。
太1:23說:「必有童女懷孕生子;人要稱他的名為以馬內利。」(以馬內利繙出來就是「神與我們同在」。)
太28:20凡我所吩咐你們的,都教訓他們遵守,我就常與你們同在,直到世界的末了。」

THe revelation of Gods twofold character in Exodus 3 is essential to grasp for all who seek to engage in the biblical task of apologetics. No other religion on the face of the earth recognizes this kind of God. The faith we defend is wholly unique. It begins and ends with the revelation of this majestic mystery of Gods character given to us in Holy Scripture.
~ K. SCOTT OLIPHINT
出埃及記第3章中上帝雙重性格的啟示,對於所有尋求從事聖經護教任務的人來說至關重要。地球上沒有任何其他宗教承認這種神。我們捍衛的信仰是獨一全備的,它以聖經中啟示我們上帝莊嚴奧秘的性格開始和結束。

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